An Exploration of the History of Cross-Cultural Negotiation : The First U.S.-Japan Trade Negotiation Before Commodore Perry's Arrival

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概要

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• This article treats a relatively new and as yet largely unexplored area of research: the coming of the first Americans to Japan on two merchant vessels, Lady Washington and Grace from Massachusetts in 1791, which was an attempt by the United States to establish commercial relations with the Japanese through negotiations some 60 years prior to the arrival of Commodore Perry in 1853. This article describes how the first contacts were made between the Americans and the Japanese within the framework of the history of cross-cultural and cross-national negotiation. Incidental to the investigation, this research paper also briefly focuses on: (a) conceptions held by Americans and Japanese with regard to the term negotiation and the connotative meanings attached to it, (b) aspects of behavioral patterns adopted by Americans and Japanese during the negotiation process, and (c) some cultural influences that exert a visible and nonverbal impact on negotiating behavior between the Americans and Japanese.

• 2012-12-00

著者

• Mitarai Shoji

  Sapporo University

関連論文

• An Exploration of the History of Cross-Cultural Negotiation : The First U.S.-Japan Trade Negotiation Before Commodore Perry's Arrival

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