Biomass Potentials in Vietnam : Current Status and Prospects for Biofuel Development(<Special articles>Biomass in Asia)

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Higher rates of economic growth in Vietnam led to growing energy demands. According to the General Statistics Office, annual energy demand has expected to increase approximately 12.1% from 2010 to 2020 in combition with the fossil source situation has been exhausted yearly. This leads to seek alternative sources to replace fossil fuel such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal and biomass energy, especially. As targeted, the share of renewable energy in total commercial primary energy is expected to reach 5% in 2020 and 11% in 2050. Vietnam has tropical monsoon climate which is suitable for growth of diverse plants giving an abundant biomass potential for renewable energy production. As agricultural country, the main cereals is rice of which the area and production are stable over past 10 years at 7 million ha yielding 40 million tons of rice. The residues from paddy production such as rice straw and paddy husk have been used for bioenergy production. Similarity, cassava is currently consumed in ethanol production in sugar manufactures. Furthermore, other key industrial plants such as sugarcane, cotton etc. are sufficiently supplied the demand of local industrial production and their remnants play as promising raw materials in renewable energy production. On the other hand, total area of forest stocking density was estimated at 13.388 million ha, of which natural forest accounted for 76.9% and plantation forest was rest of 23%. In 2010, wood consumption was estimated approximately 2.7 million m3 of which 80% was consumed for domestic purposes and exporting. The wastes from the timber processing industry including sawdust, wood chips may also be used as fuel. Together with plant biomass, residues from livestock and poultries and biomass aquaculture also contribute partly in biofuel production. At this moment, Vietnamese government has acting to move towards sustainable development by issuing different policies renewable energy. Moreover, developing renewable capacity will help Vietnam reduce its reliance on foreign sources of energy and ensuring ample energy security in the future. The national energy development program has emphasized to strengthen R & D for renewable energy generation. In this paper, we present a short framework of the progress, technological development for biofuel production as well as the challenges of biomass utilization in Vietnam.
2013-01-20

Biomass Potentials in Vietnam : Current Status and Prospects for Biofuel Development(<Special articles>Biomass in Asia)

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