気候工学(ジオエンジニアリング) : 現状と展望(<特集>地球温暖化の気候科学とエネルギー)

概要

論文の詳細を見る
With the pace of global warming mitigation efforts slow, some scientists began calling for an extreme measure to contain the risk of climate change. Termed climate engineering or geoengineering, this broad set of methods and technologies aims at directly intervening in the climate system to ameliorate the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering can be broadly classified into solar radiation management (SRM) that aims at reflecting sunlight, and carbon dioxide removal that cleanses the main greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. The most promising SRM option is arguably the stratospheric aerosol injection, which mimics the global cooling following a major volcanic eruption. Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is a CDR option and combines bioenergy power generation with carbon capture and storage, and features strongly in recent mitigation scenarios with stringent climate targets. These technologies are, however, underdeveloped, with significant uncertainties in their efficacy, costs, and side effects. Because of their controversial nature, research and development on geoengineering should proceed with public engagement from the upstream stage. The recent two cases (the cancellation of the demonstration in a U.K. research project and an ocean fertilization scheme off the west coast of Canada) suggest considerable challenges ahead of geoengineering research governance.
2013-03-20