Toward the Development of Instruments to Assess Motivation Based on the L2 Motivational Self System

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In this study, we developed and examined scales of L2 selves that measure (A) the intensity level of becoming an English-using self in the future and (B) the magnitudes of discrepancy between future and current English-using selves, which are both theoretically postulated as motivational forces on L2 learning. The scale items reflected Japanese university students' future and present self-images as English users. In keeping with previous studies, we used three different facets of future L2 selves-ideal L2 self, ought-to L2 self, and feared L2 self-as well as present 12 self. We conducted principal component analyses to check the consistency and uni-dimensionality of each set of items. Later, we used the scale items to create two instruments based on possible self theory and self-discrepancy theory, which were the main theoretical frameworks for Dornyei's (2005) L2 motivational self system. To test the construct validity of these instruments, we conducted correlation analyses with other motivational variables and perceived competence. Subsequently, we identified the different subgroups of learners based on L2 self-images by utilizing the created scales. The results showed that for our participants, it is important to have English-using self-images and a strong desire to become their imagined English-related selves.
2012-10-30