韓国における日本企業の撤退に関する実証的考察 : 馬山自由貿易地域の事例分析を中心として
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
One aspect of Japanese direct investment is generated from the change of Japanese economic environment. During the early 1970s this phenomenon has displayed numbers of elements such as labor shortage, high wage, increase in real estate value, and nation wide pollution has stimulated the domestic capital to exploit its foreign counter-part. This plan was also possible due to the government deregulation of foreign investment. Especially, South Korea had enjoyed substantial increase of Japanese direct investment thanks to Japan' s appreciation of geographical and cultural closeness, South Korea's protection and incentives to foreign investor, highly-skilled workers, and low wage. In South Korea, President Park' s administration had encouraged export-oriented economy. Consequently, this policy had created a foundation for so-called "Free Export Zone" in order to attract foreign capital and technology, which, when combined with an abundant supply of labor, would create favorable conditions for the development of an export-oriented pattern of industrialization. Founding of "Masan Free Export Zone" was good portrayal of South Korea's such effort. Masan Free Trade Zone, as a part of the national economic development strategy, has proven itself very effective and grew significantly up to 1987. Also it stimulated a domestic industry and efficient mobilization of its labor force was one of its major achievements. However, since the late 1980s, Japanese investment particularly labor-intensive industries, has gradually shifted from Korea to China and ASEAN countries because of increases in the cost of labor as well as in the level of labor union activity has been eroding certain advantages. In South Korea, there has been the "Declaration of Democracy" in June 29, 1987. It provided the ideal environment for workers to demand for an establishment of labor union, and elimination of illegitimate labor representatives. Such a movement encouraged a spread of legal labor dispute and simultaneously had a negative effect upon potential foreign investors. The most fierce labor dispute had taken place between 1987 and 1989. The principle purpose of the labor movement in South Korea was to demend for equal distribution of income according to the country's economic wealth. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to seek the structure of industrial relations between the Japanese firms and Korean workers with particular focus on women workers, and an additional research of the employment effects after the divestment of Japanese capital. Consequently, a main objective of this study is to examine the previous patterns of Japanese firm and its involvement in South Korea in order to prognosticate its performances in China and ASEAN countries.
- 北東アジア学会の論文
- 2001-11-05