〔総説〕サルコペニア: 運動による予防機序

概要

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Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function that occurs as a consequence of aging. Muscle mass represents a main determinant of muscle strength and has been strongly associated with performance in activities of daily living and the level of independence in the elderly. The decline in the total number of muscle fibers and specific atrophy of type II fibers contributes to the loss of skeletal muscles. Both endurance exercise and resistance training can delay the onset of sarcopenia via different mechanisms. Endurance exercise training improves muscle function by increases in mitochondrial and capillary number and eventually enhances exercise performance. Resistance training activates satellite cells around type II fibers and protein synthesis in myocytes. Increased muscle mass may prevent fat accumulation via secretion of myokines in skeletal muscles. The molecular mechanisms of both types of exercise to delay the onset of sarcopenia are summarized.
2012-12-01