中国文化大革命期における外来言語文化受容をめぐる論争
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概要
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Importing foreign languages in China during the Cultural Revolution did not just mean teaching people the languages. Rather, it implied a couple of nationalist projects initiated by the Chinese state toward Chinese people: the creation of a nationalist political sense, and the conceptualization of foreign countries and China, their mother country. In this paper, I will examine the discussions of the Revolutionary Faction and the Realist Faction on the culture of foreign languages, and the interactions between foreign languages and traditional thoughts. Also, I will analyze the Central government's perception of the culture of foreign languages and intellectuals responses toward the perception. Building on this analysis, I will examine the social splash of the culture of foreign languages resulting from political and economic activism in which this issue of foreign languages was always embedded. In post-revolutionary China, the Cultural Revolution assumed a critical role in the rise of the Chinese nation-state. During the Cultural Revolution, in the name of an across-the-board social reform in politics, ideology, and culture, the Chinese state initiated purge movements by mobilizing its people and monopolizing an apparatus of violence. For ethnic minorities, this process meant an establishment of Han-centered rule over themselves, and a transformation of people from various ethnicities to nationals of a single nation-state. In short, despite its destruction of the state through excluding an imagined social enemy, the Cultural Revolution evoked a nationalist sentiment and strengthened national unity. Originating from the state's control over minority language cultures, policy issues in importing foreign language, and its social splash, a system an authoritarian system of importing foreign languages and cultures emerged in Chinese society, suffocating other possibilities to develop alternatives.
- 2011-10-01
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- 中国文化大革命期における外来言語文化受容をめぐる論争