炭素および多孔性材料を用いた水素の貯蔵(<特集>水素および天然ガスの貯蔵技術の現状)

概要

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This review surveys the researches on carbon and porous materials for hydrogen storage. The hydrogen storage properties of activated carbon, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, zeolite-templated carbon, and single-walled carbon nanohorn are introduced. Zeolite and metal-organic framework are covered as the porous materials. Hydrogen storage capacity attributed to physisorption of hydrogen molecule depends on the micropore volume of the sample, and it is concluded that physisorption alone is difficult to reach 5.5 wt% at room temperature, which is the target of NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Japan) and DOE (Department of Energy, USA) program. Addition of the interaction other than physisorption is required, and the utilization of spillover phenomenon of hydrogen atom dissociated on the metal is studied to enhance the hydrogen storage capacity.
2012-06-20