<Originals> Possible Involvement of MicroRNA-21 in Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

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In order to elucidate the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasticity of skeletal muscle, we analyzed global changes in miRNA expression using the microarray technique during muscle hypertrophy induced by compensatory overload following bilateral Achilles tenotomy in mice. The most prominent change observed by microarray analysis was that of miR-21 expression. The expression of myogenic genes, myogenin and MEF2D was increased, and that of MyoD and MHCIIb was decreased in overloaded muscle. We also investigated the changes in expression of PDCD4, PTEN, and SPRY2, which are potential targets of miR21, and reduction in the expression of all three genes was observed in hypertrophic muscle. We next investigated the expression of miR-21 and its prospective target genes using an in vitro differentiation system with C2C12 cultured myocytes through overexpressed or suppressed miR-21 by introducing the miR-21 precursor or inhibitor. When the miR-21 precursor was transfected, miR-21 expression was significantly increased, but the genes controlling muscle differentiation (MyoD, myogenin, MHCIIb, MEF2D) and possible miR-21 target genes (PDCD4, PTEN, and SPRY2) were not significantly changed in myoblasts. Similary, when we applied the miR-12 inhibitor to C2C12, the expression of myogenic genes was not significantly changed, although possible miR-21 target genes (PDCD4, PTEN, and SPRY2) tended to be up-regulated. These results raise the possibility that microRNA may regulate muscle plasticity during exercise and training.

<Originals> Possible Involvement of MicroRNA-21 in Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

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