Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi from Turfgrass Rhizosphere with Potential for Disease Suppression
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概要
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Plant-growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) were isolated from the rhizosphere of turfgrass and cultivated crops. Frequencies of occurrence of PGPF out of the total fungi isolated from turfgrass, wheat, corn and eggplant were 46.0%, 47.0%, 37.9% and 10.0%, respectively. The most efficient PGPF were isolated from turfgrass. Among the 32 PGPF isolates screened, 14 belonged to the sterile group and 9 were Trichoderma, 5 Fusariurn, 3 Penicillium and 1 Mucor isolates. In pot experiments where barley grain inoculum of PGPF was used, the increase in plant height and weight varied depending upon the PGPF. The increase in dry weight for the treated compared with untreated plants was as follows: bentgrass, 9.1 times; rye-grass, 4.4 times; wheat, 1.5 times; tomato, 5.1 times; cucumber, 75.2 times; radish, 1.9 times. Promotion effect was detected both in sterilized and non-sterilized soil amended with PGPF inoculum and most conspicuously in nutrient-deficient one. Experiments were conducted to determine whether the control of plant pathogens was associated with PGPF. Each representative isolate of the main groups, i.e., sterile, Trichoderma, Fusarium, and Penicillium, was selected. On the other hand, Rhizoctonia solani AG1(1C), R. solani AG2-2, R. solani AG4, Pythium ultimum, P. apanidermatum, P. paroecandrum, Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium oxyporum f. sp. melonis, F. oxy. f. sp. cucumerinum and Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici were used as target pathogens. PGPF and the pathogen were co-inoculated and the disease-suppressive effect was evaluated. Although, the degree of disease suppression depended on the inoculum leveland the combination of PGPF and pathogen, PGPF afforded a potential protection to the hosts from infection with the pathogen in sterilized and non-sterilized soil. Above all, sterile and Trichoderma isolates showed stable and conspicuous suppressive effects.
- 日本土壌微生物学会の論文
- 1994-10-01