BINDING AND CONSEQUENCE OF BIOMOLECULES ON CLAY MINERALS AND SOIL CLAYS

概要

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Biomolecules such as nucleic acids, enzymes, antibiotics participate in a variety of biochemical processes and play vital roles in life activities or microbial community relating to genetic transfer, disease control, and transformation of nutrients and pollutants. In terrestrial environments like soil, biomolecules usually interact intimately with clay minerals which are the finest and the most active inorganic components. The binding of biomolecules on clay minerals have profound influences on their activity and fate in the environments. Significant progresses have been made over the past decades with respect to the adsorption and activity of DNA, enzymes and antibiotics on clay minerals and soil clays. The influences of clay minerals are dependent on the nature and the type of minerals as well as biomolecules. In order to obtain a thorough understanding of clay-biomolecule interactions, some advanced techniques such as atomic force microscopy, isothermal microcalorimetry, synchrotron radiation are expected to shed new lights on the mechanisms of the formation of soil clay-biomolecule complexes at the molecular level. More researches on natural soil clays are needed and studies that are directed to applied fields deserve close attention.