Technoscience and Politics in Korea in the 1970s : "Scientification of All People Movement" and the "Saemaul Technical Service Corps"(<Special Issue>Science, Technology, and the State in East Asia: Experts and Politicians in Postwar Korea and Japan)

概要

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In the 1960s and 1970s, the authoritarian administration of President Park Chung Hee in South Korea gave full support for science and technology, in an effort to take advantage of the advanced image of science and technology for its modernization program. Park's regime propagated the idea that science and technology are rational and enlightening, that they are a sort of virtue that all citizens haveto learn, and that they are the qualities that Park's regime possessed. The promotion of the "Scientification of All People Movement" (全國民〓科學化運動), a nationwide science popularization movement initiated by the government in January 1973, can be understood in this context. The movement was a mobilization of science and technology for cultural and political purpose, and the mobilization of scientists and engineers, as well as the people, for science and technology, which symbolized the spirit of the Park regime. As a unique case that discloses the complicated relationship between the state and technoscience of 1970s' Korea, this paper discusses the rise and fall of the Scientification of the All People Movement and the Saemaul Technical Service Corps, which was actively promoted by the scientific and engineering communities as a branch of the scientification movement.
2012-03-31