観光と文学 : 文学作品からたどる観光の歴史

概要

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The history of tourism is not yet studied well. This paper researches and narrates that history from the point of literature, gathering and analyzing data from various literary works of English, German and Japanese poets and novelists from the fourteenth century to the modern days. One thing obvious about the subject is that tourism was long enjoyed exclusively by the leisure classes. Tourism represented the affluent and leisurely lives of the political and social elite. However, thanks to the drastic progress in mass transportation since the latter half of the nineteenth century the prerogative of seeing beautiful scenes or visiting historic sites was to be shared by the middle class, and in the end, after the World War II, by the masses. The masses were once part of the scene enjoyed by the decent people, but nowadays it is the common people who go out and sustain tourism. The history of tourism is to be called as the process of democratizing both leisure and economic means.