海外製品流入とフィリピンの地場製造業 : 製靴業の事例から

概要

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This paper analyzes the production strategies of local footwear manufacturers in the Philippinesagainst the inflow of foreign cheap products into the local market since mid-1990s using macroand micro fieldwork data. Most previous research has insisted that the reason why Philippinefootwear manufacturing has been declining since the beginning of WTO is mainly due to theirlow-tech production. This is partly correct when considering the lower class market but incorrectwhen applying an analysis to the middle class market. At the level of the middle class market,many local manufacturers are still operating in spite of an increase of the inflow of cheap foreignproducts. Analysis shows that their production strategies are determined by the scale ofproduction. Smaller manufacturers tend to continue with manual production and less investmentso that they can maximize their profits. On one hand, they take strategies that minimize theirrisks in footwear manufacturing but they are also likely to diversify into other businesses. On theother, bigger manufacturers donʼt stop to compete with foreign cheap products, which shows thatthey are willing to invest in machinery and use outsourcing to strengthen their competitiveness.This paper shows that instead of diversification, they tend to concentrate on footwearmanufacturing in order to build good relationships with good buyers and some achieve verticalintegration with retail businesses.
2012-07-31