Measurement of Snow Depth Distribution in a Mountainous Watershed using an Airborne Laser Scanner(<Special Issue>Silvilaser)

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The distribution of snow depth in a mountainous watershed located in northern Gunma Prefecture, Japan was measured by applying an airborne laser scanner on three different occasions: an autumn period with no snow, a mid winter period with maximum snow cover, and a late winter period with a maximum rate of snowmelt. Depth of snow was estimated as the difference in elevation between the snow and the ground surface. Snow depth at the opening of the meteorological station adjacent to the outlet of the watershed was compared with automatic readings of the ultrasonic distance sensor equipped on the ground. Discrepancies between the airborne and the ground-based snow depths were within an acceptable range for both periods, while slightly larger discrepancies were observed between the values during the late winter period. Snow appeared to be deeper with increasing elevation in most of the watershed, except the highest part where it became shallower. Decrease in snow depth from the mid to the late winter periods was larger in the lower part of the watershed, suggesting higher rates of snowmelt. Overall, the airborne laser scanner could measure snow depth at the flat opening quite accurately and was useful to capture spatial and temporal patterns of snow depth over the watershed. However, it appeared that snow depth could be calculated to be negative in some cases, typically when influenced by lodging of dense vegetation such as bamboo grasses due to the weight of snow. While these results are encouraging, further research on the measurement of snow depth on steep slopes and/or under tree canopies is recommended.
森林計画学会の論文

Measurement of Snow Depth Distribution in a Mountainous Watershed using an Airborne Laser Scanner(<Special Issue>Silvilaser)

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