FLEDGING AGRICULTURALISTS? RETHINKING THE ADOPTION OF CULTIVATION BY THE BAKA HUNTER-GATHERERS

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The Baka hunter-gatherers currently cultivate agricultural crops. However, theydo not seem to esteem planned, continuous, year-round produce, to which the neighboringcultivators attach great importance. The Baka do not expect to always obtain foodstuff fromtheir own fi elds. Rather, than interpret this resource usage as an immature stage before theadoption of full agriculture, the adoption of banana cultivation by the Baka can be recognizedas a diversifi cation of resource usage within the "semi-domestication" gradation. The authorargues that "resource use" comprises of human-to-nature relationship and human-to-humanrelationship. What differentiates the resource use between the Baka and the cultivatorsis the human-to-human relationships that surround the resource, such as the right to usethe resource, the labor input for the resource, the distribution and the consumption of theresource among the people. The author hypothesizes that the Baka community lacks a rigidlogic linking labor input and ownership of its fruits. Conversely, when most Baka beginto feel that the causal relationship between labor and ownership is natural and reasonable,their community is recognized as being on the defi nitive step to becoming an agriculturalistcommunity.
2012-03-01