ドイツ・ビュルテンベルクの時計産業振興策 : アメリカ互換性部品技術の導入か,それとも中小産業経営の保全か
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概要
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This paper examines the efforts of the Wurttembergisch goverment to introduce American-style interchangeable part manufacturing as a measure to support the Black Forest clock industry. The Black Forest clock industry was exposed to competition with the American clock industry as early as the late 1840s, and as a countermeasure the Wurttembergisch government's Central Agency for Industry and Commerce (Die Zentralstelle fur Gewerbe und Handel) promoted the adoption of American-style interchangeable part technology by establishing a parts factory. The Agency was working for the protection of the medium and small-sized firms that were preponderant in Wurttemberg and for the Agency the adoption of this technology was not to convert the clockmakers to mere assemblers, but instead was intended to make their preservation possible through cutting production costs. However the Agency's project collapsed because it was unrealistic in terms of both European market trends and the mentality and labor institutions of the clockmakers. The factory for interchangeable part manufacturing established with the support of the Agency did not adopt the American system with its many quality problems, but instead introduced technology from the French clock industry that was acknowledged as a producer of diverse high quality products. Additionally, the Black Forest clockmakers refused to purchase the interchangeable parts because they wanted to maintain the independence of their businesses.
- 2011-10-30