Actual Conditions of Postoperative Dyschezia Recognized by Rectal Cancer Patients and Self-Care

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The purpose of this study is to reveal the actual conditions of dyschezia as recognized by postoperativerectal cancer patients and their self-care, as well as the subjective QOL （Schedule for the Evaluation of IndividualQuality of Life-Direct Weighting: SEIQoL-DW）, and to obtain suggestions for the nursing intervention for improvingthe self-care of dyschezia and QOL. The subjects were 88 patients （age: 62.2 ± 9.3 years）, consisting of 33 and 55patients that received intersphincteric resection （ISR） and low anterior resection （LAR）, respectively. The meanof the SEIQoL-DW index was 66.7 ± 15.3 for ISR and 63.8 ± 14.8 for LAR, showing no significant difference. Thedyschezia was grouped into seven categories such as [frequent defecation], [irregular number of defecations], [defecationon oral drug administration], [frequent nocturnal defecation], [fecal incontinence], and [anal pain]. The proportions of[irregular number of defecations], [frequent nocturnal defecation], and [fecal incontinence] were significantly higher forISR than LAR. The self-care of dyschezia can be summarized into eleven categories such as [washing anus], [applyingdiapers and pads], [controlling dietary intake], and [controlling defecation]. In conclusion, it is important to understandin detail the fecal control, local anal care, food content, and intake method as nursing interventions using a checklist,and to instruct the patients individually in cooperation with physicians and physical therapists.

Actual Conditions of Postoperative Dyschezia Recognized by Rectal Cancer Patients and Self-Care

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