プラスチック廃棄物の収集・処理の環境負荷と経済的負担に関する調査(<特集>エネルギー利用の観点からみた廃プラスチックのあるべき姿)

概要

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The environmental and economical impacts of the recovery methods for plastic waste being implemented in Tokyo 23 Wards were evaluated and compared in terms of the process unit and cost-benefit. The recovery methods (collection and subsequent treatments) of plastic waste from households were classified into two types, material oriented recovery method and energy oriented recovery method. Material oriented recovery methods of containers and packaging led to lower environmental impact and higher saving of resource consumption than energy oriented recovery methods such as incineration with power generation. In terms of environmental impacts broken down into process unit, recycling process was the highest, followed by collection, compared with intermediate treatment, transportation, and disposal process. The costs of collection of plastic waste for material oriented recovery were much higher than those of energy oriented recovery, though they led to higher saving of resource consumption. The calculated costs of reduced CO_2 and saved crude oil as a result of material oriented recovery were 5 to 10 times higher than their market prices. This was attributed to high costs of collection for material recovery which came from the low efficiency of bulky plastic wastes in transportation.
2011-07-20