英語学習に関する音声面からの実験的一考察
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概要
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In recent years language teaching and learning have come to be studied scientifically. Language learning is now thought to be in organization of three systems, thus; 1. the phoneme system 2. the system of syntax 3. the meaning system All languages have this system of classification. And when we Japanese learn English, first of all we must compare each of English systems with each of Japanese systems. Participants of an Intensive Course are being taught the phonemes and the syntax as systems. This report is on the acquisition of the English phomeme system. Experiment s I. Subjects Subjects were shown in Table 1. IC (Freshman, Class C) received the Intensive Course in Language Laboratory, from November 20, 1968 until to December 20, 1968. IB (Freshman, Class B) and IIA (Sophomore, Class A) did not receive the Intensive Course but they were tested and the results are compared with those from the IC Class. II. Aural Recognition of English Phonemes Procedures: Ss were asked to listen to and write down English words shown in Table 2 that R.P. Inglis recorded in random order. Results: Table 2 shows 1). how phonemes were heard, 2). lo what degree each phoneme pair was recognized. Many Ss confused the English phoneme pairs that did not have such phoneme contrasts inJapanes. Consequently each time they used the one Japanese phoneme that corresponded to the English phoneme. Recognition of a phoneme pair that should be recognized as voiced and voiceless is easy for Japanese, because the distinction of the voiced and voiceless sounds in Japanese is observed. IC at the 2nd test seemed to be acquiring the English phoneme system. III. Pronunciation of English phonemes Procedure: Ss were asked to produce the words shown in Table 3. Results: Table 3 shows 1). how phonemes were pronounced, and 2). comparison between the 1st test and 2nd test of IC, and between each class at the 2nd test according to how many subjects pronounced each English phoneme correctly. Many Ss pronounced similar Japanese phonemes in place of English phonemes. This means that they don't perceive the difference between the two phoneme systems. English phonemes are substituted by another English phonemes. The confusion is found between English phoneme pairs that are asked to be distiguished from each other. Words pronouced with an added vowel. The structure of Japanese sound is cvcv, and it is difficult to pronounce the English sound structure cvc or cc (consonant clusters). Discussion When we learn English, perception of the difference between the English phoneme system and theJapanese phoneme system should be made first of all. Mr. Saeki provides us with an efficient method for this. After this has been inculcated the English phoneme system should be built up through aural recognition and pronunciation, by being taught as a system that has some basic phoneme pairs which should be emphasized.
- 外国語教育メディア学会の論文