「メディア文化」にとって「現実」とはなにか(<特集>メディア文化研究の課題と展望)
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概要
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In this article, I examined the aspect of "the reality", that the media creates, has incorporated into the culture. The issue of "the reality of the media" in the mass media situation was almost considered to be a "genre" problem until now. The mass media prescribed a reality principle by every promise of the genre form. In the new media communication that the Internet created, "the reality of the media" has become a new issue recently. There are two types of "reality", the reality in daily face-to-face communication and the reality of the media. Is it both existing "reality" of a same type or a different type? In other words, is it "reality" to unfold on a totally different principle? According to the multiple reality theory in the phenomenological sociology of Schutz, "I" am conscious of the world as a thing consisting of multiple realities. He calls "reality" of the special privilege "daily reality" or "paramount reality", in the world of inter-subjectivity, shared with another person within that world. Schutz pays attention to the point that there are the reference relations of two kinds in "appresentation" of Husserl. Symbolic appresentation transcends the world of the daily life and gives there expression, and the appresentation except it. Because the symbolic appresentation transcends a finite province of meaning called the everyday life, the side appresenting belongs to everyday life, but the appresented member has its reality in another finite province of meaning or in James's terminology, "subunivers". "Reality of the media" is the reality that the media appresent. Limitation of the power about the reality construction of "paramount reality" does not extend to the world that the media does appresent. Media space is the world of "the reality" in the open type for the horizon which is a same word of "symbolic" by Schutz. In the new situation of media communication represented by the Internet, it is necessary to update a definition of "reality" in the media culture with a concept of "reality of the media".
- 2011-01-31