エリザベス救貧法に先立つ宗教社会ギルドの歴史的意義 : ヨーロッパ中世都市市政機関との関連をめぐって

概要

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The europian gild of the medieval age has tended to stress the exclusionary aspects of geselschaft, but once the full dynamic range of social-religious activities of the gild in medieval society is considered, the significance of gemeinschaft will become apparent. Namely, gemeinschaft imbues the gild with ethical characteristics and provides for historical expansion, while at the same time giving it tremendous, chameleon-like adaptability enabling it to fulfill the new subsidiary roles brought about by the circumstances of the times. Moreover, the gild's dynamism as seen in its social flexibility endows it with a vivid, almost life like quality. By retaining some aspects of geselschaft, but including more toward gemeinschaft it is able to better orient itself for the possibility of effecting social change in the face of genossenschaft. This thesis examines the distinctiveness in historical research of the unifying aspects of the social-religious gild, which assisted in the prevention of the decline, and fostered a sense of community in the city of Coventry, and which additionally moved to revolutionize the parish gild in London from the late medieval age to the early period of the modern age. In further explores the possibility of adaptation of the gild to contemporary intermediate organizations to create subsidiary networks for promotion of social welfare within the nation, the market and various intermediate organizations.
1994-06-15