旧東ドイツ精神医療の理想と現実 : 「ヴァルトハイム」報道の波紋を起点にして

概要

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Starting with a lot of difficulties after the World War II, the care system for the psychiatric patients of the German Democratic Republic (eastern Germany) had gradually been reconstructed on the basis of "Rodewischer These" during the 60's and 70's. Most of the psychiatric patients in this country were concentrated on the large psychiatric hospitals called Bezirkskrankenhauser, which mainly stood in the rural areas, and the university clinics were a center of biological psychiatry and gave little attention to the community care. In some areas like Leipzig and Berlin the community psychiatry system was realized by means of the cooperation of the university clinic and the psychiatric hospitals. The health policy, which was monopolized by the governing party SED and was close to the interested parties like self-help groups, has restricted the psychiatry reform, adding to the financial crisis since the late 70's. Consequently the old large psychiatric hospitals have existed after the late 80's, which have brought about the threat of the political abuse of psychiatry under the socialistic society.
1993-12-20