セルフヘルプグループの概念をめぐって : 欧米の代表的な概念の研究を参照しながら
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概要
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We see that concepts about self-help groups have been developed in Europe and North America. We make some comparison between them andJapanese ones. For this purpose, we take up studies as follows: (1) M. Killilea's literatural study; she finds 20 categories among a lot of papers discussing 'Mutual Help Organization'. We are interested in which categories are often used in Japanese literature. (2) A Defition ofA.H. Katz and E.I. Bender and concepts developed by a group of researchers in WHO's European Office; they try to make common definitions and concepts about selfhelp for the purpose of making it possible for European researchers to discuss self-help beyond cultural difference. (3) Concepts developed by A. Trojan and his colleagues; they establish concepts about German self-help. (4) Concepts developed by M.L. Moeller and his colleagues; their effort has been directed toward therapeutic collective self-help. Survey on Japanese literature on self-help tells us that in Japan the two words are generally used to express self-help group ; "SerufuHerupu Gurupu (Self-Help Group)" and "Tqjisha Soshiki (Organization of people concerned)". The former is often used by professionals in medical and psychological fields, and expresses groups of patients and/or their families or therapeutic groups. And the latter is often used by community organizers such as social workers of Social Welfare Councils, and its discussion is often accompanied by organization of neighborhood and coordination of community agencies. We, in addition, find that there are groups or organizations in Japan, which are relevant to self-help and not suited well for these foreign concepts of self-help. One of them is self-help mutual-aid association acknowledged in "Chonai". An example is "Rojin Kurabu (Senior Club)". "Chonai" is an unit ofa kind of Japanese traditional community, which keeps a close relation with a government office. They are different from what European and North American researchers call self-help group in that they are not truly voluntary in spite of their spontaneity.
- 1990-06-01
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関連論文
- 異文化のインタビューを読む : セルフヘルプグループの日米比較(学校企画シンポジウムI:時代を切り拓く社会福祉研究)
- 日本のセルフヘルプグループの基本的要素「まじわり」「ひとりだち」「ときはなち」(日本社会福祉学会第40回大会記念特集号)
- セルフヘルプグループの概念をめぐって : 欧米の代表的な概念の研究を参照しながら