泥炭湿地におけるケルミ・シュレンケ複合体の形成過程 : カレックスモデルを用いた検証

概要

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String-flark (kermi-schlenke) complex pattern is a characteristic micro-topography in boreal mires. It consists of linear ridges aligned perpendicular to the slope, separated by water zones that are more sparsely vegetated. Various explanations for the formation process of this micro-topography have been proposed, however, the process by which oriented string-flark complex pattern originates is not clear. Nevertheless, as pattern formation occurs very slowly in nature, computer simulation offers useful help in understanding the formation process. In the present study, the formation processes have been defined by classifying the development stages of the string-flark complex pattern. While evaluating the existing theories on origin, a computer program has been coded to simulate using Carex Model, and verified the formation process. Carex Model is based on the growth processes of bog vegetation. Hence it can simulate changes in peat layers and thus predicts the formation of the diverse micro-topographies of mires. The result implies that string-flark complex pattern is generated by the accumulation of additional litter brought by snow-melting flow. Water level changes under the influence of prevailing hydraulic conditions and the patterns are formed with the selective growth of vegetation.
2010-01-25