A Hybrid Approach to Restrictive Relative Clauses

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This study is an attempt to analyze relative constructions, especially restrictive relative clauses, by selectively combining two incompatible approaches to relativization. One approach is the standard one, which base-generates the head of a relative clause and adjoins the clause to it, and the other its alternative, which posits a determiner as selecting a CP relative clause and analyzes a DP comprising the relative pronoun plus the relative head as raising to SpecCP within the relative CP. The reasoning for this hybrid approach is that each of these approaches has its own strengths and weaknesses, and that the weaknesses of each are exactly the virtues of the other. The strategy that the hybrid approach adopts is to incorporate only the strengths of both approaches, shedding their drawbacks. Specifically, the approach basically follows the standard approach, base-generating the relative head externally to the relative clause, and then adopts the most crucial aspect of its alternative, generating both the relative pronoun and the matching nominal head internally to the clause and raising both of them to relative SpecCP. In order to circumvent the redundancy of the head, a deletion under identity operation is invoked to delete the matching head internal to the relative clause in phonology. This analysis predicts correctly that when the internal head does not match the external head, they both surface as, for example, in Japanese and Chinese gapless relatives. Deletion may exceptionally apply to the external head as a marked option, or more plausibly, the external head may be null in Classical Japanese, Ancash Quechua, Lakhota, etc.

著者

大島新
関西外国語大学外国語学部

A Hybrid Approach to Restrictive Relative Clauses

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