ヘレニズム期シチリアにおける移民ポリスの文化的変容についての一考察 : エンテッラの事例を中心に
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概要
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The history of Sicily is populated by a heterogeneous mix of people who differ from each other both culturally and ethnically Ancient Sicily was no exception "Hardly the voice of the Greek tongue will sound in all of Sicily, since it will have been transformed into a territory or dependency of the Phoenicians or Opicians(Pl Ep 8 353e)" This famous passage from Plato illustrates the situation in Sicily about 350 B C It points to the considerable influence that immigrant peoples had on Sicily, and suggests that it is impossible to reconstruct the history of Sicily at that time without understanding the activities of these immigrants But it is very difficult for us to gain such an understanding from historical documents The Entella tablets (SEG XXX, 1117-1123, XXXV, 999), however, which have been published since 1980, enable us to see the situation in Sicily in the early Hellenistic period They are composed of the decrees of Entella and Nacone, both of which were located inland in the northwestern part of Sicily, and, were occupied by the Campanian peoples since 404 B C according to Diodorus This paper treats the tablets as documents showing the situation of immigrant cities in Sicily, especially the Campanian cities Up to the present, scholarly discussions have primarily focused on the two kinds of eponymous officials found in the decrees of Entella Various explanations have been proposed regarding the meaning of the existence of the two different sorts of officials Some argue that this phenomenon was brought about by the change caused by "Romanization", others argue that it was caused by "Hellenization", and some argue that it was only a temporary change, and that the Campanian systems were maintained No decisive conclusions have been reached, however, because these discussions are focused on only a few facts in the tablets or other materials It is therefore necessary for us to rethink this problem from a wider perspective In this paper, I explore the issue of the two eponymous officials using information gleaned not only from the Entella tablets-such as language, personal names, and so on-but also from coins and other historical documents Based on this research, it is most likely that the existence of two different eponymous officials indicates a change from the system of two archons, probably from a Campanian system to that of hieromnamon, a Greek system In other words, the change suggests a process of "Hellenization" Moreover, this Hellenization did not begin with events recorded in the tablets, but was already in progress by that time due to the gradual acceptance of Greek culture Of course, the people of Entella had their own culture, but generally speaking, they were influenced heavily by Greek culture as well The acculturation of the immigrants was promoted by daily contact with the surrounding Greek poleis and the frequent advance to the West of the eastern Greek poleis This case shows how immigrant peoples in Sicily managed to survive and thrive Such facts should be taken into account in understanding the history of Sicily hereafter
- 日本西洋古典学会の論文
- 2005-03-08