古典期アッティカのデーモスと「ディオニュシア祭法」
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概要
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In Against Ctesiphon 32-48, Aeschmes used the proclamation law and the Dionysiac law (νομοζ Διονυσιακοζ) to present the illegality of Ctesiphon's decree by which the proclamation of a crown for Demosthenes in the theater of Dionysus was proposed The Dionysiac law contained the word δημοτηζ, so it has been often discussed in the studies on the demes in Classical Attica But previous scholars have considered this law only within the framework of the relation between the polis and the demes In this paper, I examined Aeschmes' Against Ctesiphon and Demosthenes' On the Crown and the related documents, and reconsidered the relation between the Attic demes and the Dionysiac law The examination of the two orations shows that the Dionysiac law seems to have contained four clauses quoted by Aeschines (Against Ctesiphon 44) and an exceptional clause quoted by Demosthenes (On the Crown 121) Therefore, this law generally prohibited the proclamation of crowns in the theater of Dionysus, but if the Council or the Assembly approved, it was possible to proclaim crowns for Athenians there This means that Ctesiphon's decree was not illegal and Demosthenes' interpretation of laws was the more persuasive one Next, I examined the background of the enactment of the Dionysiac law, the honorary inscriptions of some demes, and the office of the herald responsible for proclamations at the theater As a result, behind the enactment of the Dionysiac law, those who had been crowned by their demotai made the herald proclaim a crown in the theater of Dionysus by their own judgment, and such situations affected the running of the City Dionysia Accordingly, the Dionysiac law restricted the herald who would intend to proclaim crowns without permission of the Council or the Assembly, so this law seems to have functioned as a regulation threatening the herald with atimia for misconduct in office Therefore, the Dionysiac law was not aimed at the restriction of the demes' activities Furthermore, according to Demosthenes, the proclamation of crowns in the theater of Dionysus was to the benefit of the polis Since the polis enacted the Dionysiac law for that purpose, the meaning of a clause μηθ' υπο των φυλετων η δημοτων[sc εν τω θεατρω]αναγορευεσθαι στεφανουμενον in the Dionysiac law is that if anyone wished to be honored with a proclamation in the city theater, he should contribute to the polis, not to the demes or the tribes In conclusion, we should comprehend the Dionysiac law within the framework not of the relation between the polis and the demes, but of the relation between the polis and an individual
- 日本西洋古典学会の論文
- 2006-03-07