哀悼のモノローグ : オウィディウス『変容譚』をめぐる一考察
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概要
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Speeches in Ovid's Metamorphoses which are not made in dialogue can be divided into two groups, monologues and addressing speeches. Four "Totenklage" in the Metamorphoses belong to the latter group, because they are mourning speeches which are addressed to the dead by their lovers or their kindred. Addressing characters in the Metamorphoses are: Apollo over the death of Hyacinthus(10. 196-208), Venus over the death of Adonis(10. 724-31), Aesacus over the death of Hesperie(1l. 778-82) , and Hecuba over the death of Polyxena(13. 494-532). These speeches contain many topoi of the genre "Totenklage" and show Ovid's rhetorical technique. In the context of the Metamorphoses, they also play an important part in bringing metamorphoses into the story. A god predicts a metamorphosis of the dead, and then his metamorphosis takes place. A man, too, motivates a metamorphosis by declaring, for example, his intention of committing suicide and brings the story to an end. Hecuba's speech is by far the longest "Totenklage" of all: it has 39 lines. This speech resembles the mourning speech made by Euryalus' mother in the ninth book of the Aeneid. The resemblance between the two speeches shows not only frequent use of topoi but also Ovid's consciousness of the tradition of Epic poetry. Hecuba continuously mourns her dead daughter Polyxena and bewails her own ill fortune, and the function of her speech seems different from other "Totenklage" in that it doesn't bring a metamorphosis into the story. The word "superest" is a clue to the solution. This word appears twice in her speech, at line 494 and at line 527. At line 494 Hecuba thinks nothing is left to her, but at line 527 she finds her most beloved son Polydorus is still alive. This hope gives her the will to live and immediately she ends her lament. Actually, Polydorus has already been killed and when she realizes the fact, she can endure her sorrow no more : Hecuba takes her revenge for her son and changes into a dog. Thus, her speech has close relation to her metamorphosis. "Totenklage" in Ovid's Metamorphoses play a vital role in the story.
- 日本西洋古典学会の論文
- 1982-03-30
著者
関連論文
- LYNE, R. O. A. M., The Latin Love Poets:from Catullus to Horace,. Pp. xiv+316, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1980., £12.50(paper £5.25).
- CAIRNS, Francis, Tibullus-A Hellenistic Poet at Rome., Pp. xii+250, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1979.
- 哀悼のモノローグ : オウィディウス『変容譚』をめぐる一考察