Growth Rate, Seasonal, Synoptic, Diurnal Variations and Budget of Methane in the Lower Atmosphere

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概要

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• We have used an AGCM (atmospheric general circulation model)-based Chemistry Transport Model (ACTM) for the simulation of methane (CH_4) in the height range of earth's surface to about 90km. The model simulations are compared with measurements at hourly, daily, monthly and interannual time scales by filtering or averaging all the timeseries appropriately. From this model-observation comparison, we conclude that the recent (1990-2006) trends in growth rate and seasonal cycle at most measurement sites can be fairly successfully modeled by using existing knowledge of CH_4 flux trends and seasonality. A large part of the interannual variability (IAV) in CH_4 growth rate is apparently controlled by IAV in atmospheric dynamics at the tropical sites and forest fires in the high latitude sites. The flux amplitudes are optimized with respect to the available hydroxyl radical (OH) distribution and model transport for successful reproduction of latitudinal and longitudinal distribution of observed CH_4 mixing ratio at the earth's surface. Estimated atmospheric CH_4 lifetime in this setup is 8.6 years. We found a small impact (less than 0.5ppb integrated over 1 year) of OH diurnal variation, due to temperature dependence of reaction rate coefficient, on CH_4 simulation compared to the transport related variability (order of ±15ppb at interannual timescales). Model-observation comparisons of seasonal cycles, synoptic variations and diurnal cycles are shown to be useful for validating regional flux distribution patterns and strengths. Our results, based on two emission scenarios, suggest reduced emissions from temperate and tropical Asia region (by 13, 5, 3 Tg-CH_4 for India, China and Indonesia, respectively), and compensating increase (by 9, 9, 3 Tg-CH_4 for Russia, United States and Canada, respectively) in the boreal Northern Hemisphere (NH) are required for improved model-observation agreement.

• 2009-08-25

著者

• PATRA Prabir

  Frontier Research Center for Global Change, JAMSTEC

• TAKIGAWA Masayuki

  Frontier Research Center for Global Change, JAMSTEC

• ISHIJIMA Kentaro

  Frontier Research Center for Global Change, JAMSTEC

• CHOI Byoung-Choel

  Korea Meteorological Administration

• CUNNOLD Derek

  EAS, Georgia Institute of Technology

• DLUGOKENCKY Edward

  NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory

• FRASER Paul

  Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research

• GOMEZ-PELAEZ Angel

  Izana Atmospheric Research Center, Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia

• GOO Tae-Young

  Korea Meteorological Administration

• KIM Jeong-Sik

  Korea Meteorological Administration

• KRUMMEL Paul

  Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research

• LANGENFELDS Ray

  CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research

• MEINHARDT Frank

  Umweltbundesamt-Federal Environment Agency

• MUKAI Hitoshi

  CGER, National Institute for Environmental Studies

• PRINN Ronald

  EAPS,CGCS,JPSPGC, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

• SIMMONDS Peter

  School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close

• STEELE Paul

  Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research

• TOHJIMA Yasunori

  CGER, National Institute for Environmental Studies

• TSUBOI Kazuhiro

  AED,GEMD, Japan Meteorological Agency

• UHSE Karin

  Umweltbundesamt-Federal Environment Agency

• WEISS Ray

  Scripps Institution of Oceanography

• WORTHY Doug

  Environment Canada

• NAKAZAWA Takakiyo

  CAOS, Graduate School of Studies, Tohoku University

• Nakazawa Takakiyo

  Caos Graduate School Of Studies Tohoku University:frontier Research Center For Global Change Jamstec

• Fraser Paul

  Centre For Australian Weather And Climate Research Csiro Marine And Atmospheric Research

• Mukai Hitoshi

  National Inst. Environmental Studies Ibaraki Jpn

• Steele Paul

  Centre For Australian Weather And Climate Research Csiro Marine And Atmospheric Research

• Prinn Ronald

  Eaps Cgcs Jpspgc Massachusetts Institute Of Technology

• Krummel Paul

  Centre For Australian Weather And Climate Research Csiro Marine And Atmospheric Research

• Patra Prabir

  Frontier Research Center For Global Change Jamstec

• Cunnold Derek

  Eas Georgia Institute Of Technology

• Simmonds Peter

  School Of Chemistry University Of Bristol Cantock's Close

• Tsuboi Kazuhiro

  Aed Gemd Japan Meteorological Agency

• Tohjima Yasunori

  National Inst. Environmental Studies Ibaraki Jpn

• Ishijima Kentaro

  Frontier Research Center For Global Change Jamstec

• Takigawa Masayuki

  Frontier Research Center For Global Change Jamstec

• Gomez-pelaez Angel

  Izana Atmospheric Research Center Agencia Estatal De Meteorologia

• O'doherty Simon

  School Of Chemistry University Of Bristol Cantock's Close

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