児童手当をめぐる対立・調整・協働 : イギリス福祉国家成立過程におけるリヴァプールの先駆的役割

概要

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This article examines the relationship between Britain's central administration and voluntary associations for children's allowance in the 1930s. The main issue is how the partnership was born to place Liverpool as a pioneer in the context of the evolution of the welfare state. The paper focuses on different phases of the Unemployment Assistance Board's relationship with non-government organisations for children's allowances. Attention is paid to a campaign for children's allowance by the Children's Minimum Council, a voluntary association in Liverpool, and also to a feedback survey taken by Violet MARKHAM, a member of the UAB, both of which led the UAB to recognise the importance of a state-financed scheme for children's allowance and, hence, to resolve conflicts stemming from differences in the perception of poverty. This was followed by a new phase in which, under MARKHAM's coordination, a better division of tasks was reached between the state and voluntary sectors. This Liverpool-born model of coordination and partnership between the two sectors was eventually disseminated by the UAB to other cities, exerting a significant influence across the country. Thus, Liverpool should be regarded as a pioneer in the formation of the welfare state.
2006-11-25