Acquaintance Testを併用したSociometric Testによる精神病院入院患者対人関係の研究

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One hundred and twenty male patients hospitalized in Johbu Hospital and managed in one ward were divided into two groups according to mental status. One consists of fixed state schizophrenia patients, named the fixed group. Room assignments were rigidly maintained in this group. The other is named the non-fixed group. Their rooms were separate from the former group and attended by appointed nurses. Application of resocialization of the patients was attempted, with the effects obtained over a period of eighteen months' hospitalization and their analysis by the use of Moreno's method of Sociometry. There are, however, many problems to solve if Moreno calls three kinds of Tele, i.e. Attraction, Repulsion and Indifference, is directly used as a test for the patients. Therefore Acquaintance Test was at the same time used in order to meet these problems. Firstly, after eighteen months' treatment, all the in-patients took the test to provide a crosssectional characterization of their human relationships. The result suggested that the highly socialized patients undergoing occupational therapy were the most influential factor in the relationships of all the in-patients. Secondly, the vertical relationship of the patients undergoing occupational therapy was studied. Thirdly, a tentative method for patients with high socialization to work on patients with low socialization was applied, producing several findings. 1) Even after a long spell of "working-on", the larger part of the schizophrenic patients with sufficient ability to read did not even know the names of their room-mates, which constitutes a great obstacle to the rehabilitation of patients. 2) The influence of the make-up of the room upon its inmates was not to be ignored in terms of their unity. When the room is of a too non-confining and informal make-up, the inmates do not feel they belong to it and find difficulty in communicating with other room-mates. When, to the contrary, the room has a too closed-in and exclusive structure, the inmates show a strong tendency to individual seclusion. 3) The way patients stand in their relationships with other patients differs rather markedly according to the kinds of mental disease. The patients showed greater ability than expected in forming correct judgment of other patients from the standpoint of social adaptability. Among schizophrenic patients, paranoic ones reject positively other patients, while not being so strongly rejected themselves. Autistic patients are in loose connection with only patients of their own selection. Epileptics definitely choose and reject other patients, and are actively rejected by them. The results of the test indicate that psychopathies have no tendency to rule the group of the patients in the hospital but to separate themselves from it. It is noticeable that the patients undergoing occupational therapy, who have little opportunity for communicating with the in-patients in the daytime, know the names of other patients. On the the other hand, it was proven that the autistic patients know few other patients and are not known by them, having, consequently, a small circle of acquaintances. 4) As patients approach remission, S. S. S. (sociometric status score) gradually increases in parallel with the decrease in number of patients who "do not know other patients' names". 5) When a patient with high socialization and enough ability to play a leading part in the group is induced to work on patients of low socialization, the group becomes united more rapidly, centralized on him. This suggests that utilized as a technique it is possible to lead patients to social grouping or adapt themselves with ease to such groups.
千葉大学の論文
1966-03-28

Acquaintance Testを併用したSociometric Testによる精神病院入院患者対人関係の研究

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