野兎病に関する疫学的研究
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概要
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Part 1. Epidemiology of tularemia around Mt. Tsukuba of Tochigi Prefecture. Tularemia hes been reported from many parts of Japan, especially Tohoku province, Chiba, Ibaragi and Tochigi prefecture. Above all, Fukushima prefecture of Tohoku province is much more heavily infected than other areas. But it has not been reported the occurances of tularemia in the area of Mt. Tsukaba. Mt. Tsukuba is in the north-east of the Kanto plain, and is absolutely isolated from other hills or ranges. About four kilometer to the north of Mt. Tsukuba, there lies Yamizo range which continue to the ranges of Fukushima district. As Fukushima prefecture is tularemia heavily infected area, it can be thought that Yamizo range may be contaminated with tuleremia. The sources of infection of tularemia, recognized in Japan, are rabbits and the ticks on them. As above mentioned, Mt, Tsukuba is isoleted from other hills or ranges, communications of rabbits between Mt. Tsukuba and Yamizo range are regarded to be completely intercepted. The principal aim of undertaking our survey is to realize the way of transmission of tularemia to Mt. Tsukuba. The results of observation, which were made from 1957, are follows. 1) 5 patient groups of tularemia (7 patients and 2 inappearant infections) occured from 1950 to 1956 were found. They were clinically decided by testing the serum agglutination and skin reaction. 2) There occured no patient before 1949. 3) We tested agglutination and skin reaction against healthy hunters, their families and hounds who live around Mt. Tsukuba. 4 hounds were positive. Others were all negative. 4) We tested agglutination and skin reaction against healthy hunters, their families and hounds who live in Yamizo range. 5) 5 persons and 2 hounds were positive (inappearant infections). These hunters and hunds go hunting to Mt. Tsukuba and Yamizo range. From these facts it may be suggested that probably ticks infected by Pasteurella tulareusisare brought by hounds or resident birds from Yamizo range which is already infected by tularemia from Fukushima district. Then, at first, infections occured amoung the rabbits of Mt. Tsukuba, and since 1950, human infections have been traced to them. Part II. Epidemiology of Tuleremia around Mt. Nokogiri of Chiba Prefecture. Chiba prefecture is affected by tularemia from old days. Especially Isumi county and Kiyosumi-Mineoka ranges of Awa county are heavily infected districts. Mt. Nokogiri and its range extend towords east and connected with Kiyosumi-Mineoka ranges. We undertook the epidemiological survey of tularamia around Mt. Nokogiri from 1957. Results of observation are follows. 1) 15 patient groups of Tularemia including 20 patients, who occured from 1949 to 1957, were found. They were clinically decided as Tularemia testing agglutination reaction. 2) There occured no patient before 1948. 3) We tested agglutination reaction against many healthy hunters and their hounds who live around Mt. Nokogiri. 2 persons and 1 hound were positive. From these facts, it can be thought that (1) Mt. Nokogiri and hills around it may recently (probably about 10 years before) have been infected by Pasteurella tularensis, (2) which is transmitted gradually from Kiyosumi-Mineoka ranges and Isumi county.
- 千葉大学の論文