家鷄雛成長に伴う腸内菌叢の消長に就て
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概要
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According to the growth of the chickens up to the matured domestic fowls the vicissitude of the intestinal flora is observed investigating of the each period. The chickens are usually bred in the breeding box but occasionally they are put to grass outside the box. And they are always given the difinite foods, that is, water, grass and the mixed food, which consists of barley, wheat, corn, German millet and powder or fishes in a certain percentage. Fourty-three chickens in total are investigated during the various seasons in this experiment, and it gives us the following results; (I) Aerobic Culture: In the mammals the specific strain of the bacteria becomes predominant in the intestinal flora during some periods of their growth, however, in the domestic fowl it is different from that, i.e., throughout their lifetime the predominant bacteria in the intestinal flora is always the group of bac. coli or enterococci, although there might be a slight fluctuation in the balance between both groups. (1) Young, Period. I.(within one week after being hatched) I>C>E>B Young Period II.(till the first month) I>E>C>B (2) Middle Period(till the fourth month) E>C>B 3) Matured Period(over four months) B>E>C The keys of the table: I; the number of the cases in which the superiority of the coli or enterococci groups is inconstant and daily changeable. E; the number of the cases in which the enterococci group is predominant. C; the number of the cases in which the group of bac. coli is predominant. B; both groups maintain the balance of power. Leaving out these both groups of bac. coli and enterococci, however, some tiny colonies are frequently isolated from the feces. These are usually not recognized in the culture from the meconium, but from the feces defecated after the fifth to sixth day of the age at earliest. These tiny colonies are consists of many different organism, but most of them have an anerobic character. And a half to two third of the numbers of the colonies isolated belong to the group of bac. acidophilus. (II) Anaerobic Culture: The obligate anaerobic bacteria are scarcely proved in the culture from the feces defecated within two to three days after being hatched, but they become,to be isolated gradually in those defecated after the fifth day. But the isolated strains are variable in species, and they are far less in number than the facultative anaerobic bacteria, such as the groups of bac. coli, enterococci or bac. acidophilus. Therefore it is a matter of difficulity to find out their significance as the main intestinal bacteria. Bac. Welchii, the analogous bacilli of bac. torutuosus and bac. pelton, the other bacterioides and several Gram positive micrococci etc. are also sometimes isolated from the culture, but it is irregular in appearance. (III) Conclusion: In the domestic fowls, which are fed with the same food and grown up in the same circumstances, they do not appear to develop any characteristic feature of the intestinal flora according to the different periods of their ages being differ from that in the mammals. There is also no special correlation of the intestinal flora with the seasons. In other words it is assumed that the animals fed with the same food in the similar condition since their birth will keep the relatively similar intestinal flora.
- 千葉大学の論文
- 1955-07-28
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