経済倫理学への招待
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概要
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Over the past few years, several scandals involving Japanese politicians and business people have been major news items. As a result, business people in Japan have become increasingly interested in business ethics, but they often confess that they do not really know what business ethics is. One of the major reasons seems to be the lack of textbooks in the field written in plain Japanese. The purpose of this article is to provide a plain introduction to business ethics as a discipline in order to contribute to its better understanding by practitioners and to help them put the concept into practice. The first three sections deal with the academic aspects of business ethics. Sections one and two discuss the socio-economic background of the increasing need for business ethics, the definitions of business ethics, areas in which ethical issues in business arise, and several academic approaches to business ethics. In section three, major ethical theories are introduced with special emphasis on utilitarianism and deontology. The latter two sections focus on the practical aspects of business ethics. In section four, a brief case relating to business ethics (that is, ethical decisionmaking of a manager faced with environmental issues) is given, followed by explanations about how utilitarianism and deontology ethics are applied. Section five, the concluding section, encourages practitioners to make ethical decisions in their business lives by having a better understanding of business ethics.