視知覚と意味をめぐる考察

概要

論文の詳細を見る
In contemporary cognitive psychology an object is considered to be perceived through two stages of information processing. At the first stage features belonging to the object are analyzed separately and then at the second stage attentional processes conjoin these features into the percept of the object. An object is essentially a conjunction of features in this sense. When an object is categorized, however, it is difficult to explain the process of categorization in terms of the features of the object. This is basically because a category can not be defined in terms of features. Categorization of an object is essentially a matter of naming and I propose following Wittgenstein that naming of an object is a matter of the use of an ordinary language based on the social customs of the society in which the language is spoken. An object is analyzed into features by means of neurons in the visual areas of the brain and it is named in terms of an ordinary language by an individual in a society. The domain of the neurons and the domain of the ordinary language are distinct and independent from each other except that they both provide a 'predicate' to an object as the 'subject.' This scheme of cognition which possesses the two distinct domains which cannot be reduced to a single basic domain makes itself a new paradigm of cognition in that it deviates from the traditional scheme of modern natural sciences.
国際基督教大学の論文