地下水ヒ素汚染地域の地理学的状況(アジア地下水ヒ素汚染問題を考える)
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概要
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Endemic chronic arsenicism (ECA) due to drinking water has widely been existent whether it is through surfacewater or groundwater and from anthropogenic or natural source of a rsenic. Antecedent to outbreak of ECA, there are recognized a long latent stage of arrangement based on historical, socioeconomical, cultural, geographical and geological background in each endemic area. The word "endemic" has essentially the whole sense of these factors arid in the present paper the description was focussed on geographical one in the endemic areas. The major ECAs in the world are due chiefly to water-born arsenic and some geographical characteristics common to almost all of the endemic areas are summarized as follows; volcanic zone, dry-inland river basin, delta plain, ancient sea area, deep well, agriculture, mining and smelting. The cause of recent outbreaks of big ECA in several places of Asia is speculated that lowering of groundwater level resulting from drawing large quantity of water for irrigation from deep well may move arsenic in the stratum to groundwater. The environmentalarsenicpollution based on excessive water exploitation will be increasingly serious in the next century. Therefore, hydrogeological and geochemical explications on arsenic-pollution in groundwater are now urgent demand.
- 1997-11-07