生命倫理の議論手続きと性選択出産
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概要
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How can we judge medical treatment ethically? We could do so from common ethics, if such ethics existed. But they do not. Therefore we must know first of all how medical treatment can be judged from various ethical viewpoints. In this report, the main ethical viewpoints concerning sex selection in reproduction are investigated. In addition, what kind of ethics are necessary for agreement on the subject are studied. What are the main ethical views? First, these must mediate between incompatible views of value supporting conventional ethical views. The main ethical views are based on fundamental values, or they are formalistic and have no material values. Secondly these views must also be have social reality. Namely these must be produced by our society and be supported by it too. Such views include the theory of natural rights, utilitarianism and personalism. These three views take different attitudes toward motives for sex selection in impregnation selecting acts and their effects. The reason why they cannot reach the same conclusion is that these views insist on different values from each other, though such values are fundamental. Therefore in order to reach the same conclusion we must agree about fundamental values, i. e. in order to obtain common ethics we must form the same view of value. But it is one of the most difficult tasks. Because one's value consciousness depends on one's own community, in order to form it we must integrate various communities of various people. Can we integrate them merely by communications about ethics?
- 1994-10-01