臓器移植における倫理的側面 : 特に生者からの移植を中心として

概要

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At first in this article I consider the ethical aspects of the mutilation of a living donor's healthy body for renal and liver transplantation. Transplantation can be permitted ethically with two catholic ethical principles, that is, the principle of totality and the principle of double effect. However, to perform transplans a balance between donors' risks and recipients' merits is necessary. For this reason, the following requirements should be satisfied. 1) These transplantations should be permitted only in cases where you have no alternative method for therapy. 2) These transplantations should be permitted only in cases where you have a therapeutic possibility of success. For this reason, ・ It is necessaly to limit them to appropriate medical centers. ・ It is necessary to select donors and recipients strictly. 3) It is necessary to reduce the risks of death for donors to a minimum. 4) It is necessary to make sure no pressore is applied on the prospective donor's during the decision-making process. 5) It is necessary to get clear informed consent from both donors and recipients. Especially in cases of liver transplantation, you should open the process of informed consent in principle. 6) It is necessary to prohibit the buying and selling of organs. 7) It is necessary to resolve cost problems, especially for liver transplantation. 8) It is necessary to require strict morals among medical staffs.
日本医学哲学・倫理学会の論文
1992-10-23