非精神病性ひきこもり者に対するグループ・アプローチの展望 : 整理と位置づけの試み

概要

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Support for the socially withdrawn requires not only strong commitment from family, but also the discovery of a support method that the individual can make use of. It is also considered important for such individuals to have group experience at transitional facilities before they return to society. With an easy-to-use support method in mind, this paper reviewed the literature related to the application of the group approach for support of "hikikomori" (the socially withdrawn) and attempted to further conceptualize the issue. As a result, seven group approaches, namely "group psychotherapy," "day care," "ibasho (place of belonging)," "self-help group," "hospital treatment," "overnight facilities," and "support group," were conceptualized. Characterization was performed from the three viewpoints of the supporter (specialist - non specialist,) the framework (medical - community mental health,) and the support structure (comprehensive - hard - soft - free.) In order to offer effective support that is also easy to make use of by the socially withdrawn, it was proposed that specialists work in the area of community mental health. Recovery from a state of social withdrawal was understood as a process in which a person rediscovers his/her place, and the group approach was realized as a way to determine how to offer support for such recovery.
九州大学の論文