地理教育者の肖像 : 牧口常三郎と三澤勝衛の生徒達へのインタビュー資料を中心に
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概要
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This paper aims to produce a new depiction of the geographers, Tsunesaburo Makiguchi and Katsue Misawabased on interview data. Their exceptional ability in geography education is made clear from interview testimony from their students and based on Makiguchi's writings, with both teachers' combining scholarly writing with an understanding of the importance of field research in their core study area of geography. As the principal of an elementary school, Makiguchi had limited opportunities to actually teach geography before becoming drawn to religion, and to promote the successor related to education and religion. In contrast, Misawa worked as a high school teacher and was able to perform field research, undertaking a number of studies. Misawa's students modeled their approach on their teacher's personality and research and subsequently developed into outstanding scholars like Misawa. Despite their scholarly approaches, both Makiguchi and Misawa recognized that existence exceeded both scientific and human knowledge. Makiguchi came to believe that the idea of the "Hokke Sutra" exceeded geographic science and was a follower of the Nichirensho Buddhist sect, in addition to founding the Soka Gakkai religious movement and preaching its values. Misawa approached religion from the idea of "fudo" (climate and environment), that was integral to his research and studies, while maintaining the idea of "Fudo(climate and environment), Dai Fudo(cosmos), Ichigen Ittai(the union of cosmos and ego)" in shaping his own religious beliefs. While both scholars maintained geographic science as the foundation of their beliefs, they differed in their religious convictions. Makiguchi relied on the "Hokke Sutra," while Misawa based his beliefs on the concept of "fudo," and these were to affect the different courses both men took.