石炭のダイヤゼネシスと石炭化作用

概要

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General concept of coalification is explained in connection with diagenetic and burial metamorphic changes of clastic sediments, that is, the process commenced from humification of the original plant material and successively continues to the burial metamorphism through diagenetic alteration. The chemical and physical changes during the coalification process and the related controllig factors of temperature, pressure and duration in reaction time are reviewed both on artificial coalification experiments and on geologic field evidences. Beside the general chemical and physical changes during the coalification reaction, it is emphasized that particular maceral undergoes specific coalification process and that minute investigation of coalification problem requires the selection of method and parameter of rank determination for particular maceral. The reflectance and ESR signal of vitrinite and fluorescense spectrum of sporinite will be designated at present as the best parameter to determine the degree of organic and burial metamorphic alteration of coal and coaly material of phytoclast. Practical application of the general concept of coalification to geologic analysis of depositional and burial histories of coal or phytoclast bearing sediments in relation to tectonic development, and to coalfield or oilfield exploration are briefly treated.
地学団体研究会の論文
1979-01-25