アメリカの短期大学と女子職業教育の歴史
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概要
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Traditional women's life cycle has been altered due to socioeconomic changes. Being freed from house works and child raising in their early age of 30's most women are expected to re-enter to job market. This study examines historical background of the two-year colleges in America focusing on the development of occupational education for the women. The history of occupational education is divided into three periods: the period of pre-WWII (1900-1938), the war time (1939-1945), and the post-war (1946 to present time). In the pre-WWII period, occupationl education for girle was mainly done by teaching subjects in home economics. They aimed to develop "general employment of woman." A new concept of semiprofession also emerged in this period, and gradually the two-year college reorganized its occupational education to accomodate for this type of employment. During the Second World War the function of the two-year college was enlarged due to the increasing numbers of part-time, adult women students working in warindustries. Since the end of the Second World War, the two-year collge has expanded in the number of students and of colleges as well. It expanded its functions in the area of adult education, and comunitty service in addition to provide the transfer and occupational courses. The emerging concept of the community colllege is holding all of these function. It helps particularly adult women students who seek easy access to college education, and who want to upgrade, retrain, or resume thier vocational skills. The development of American two-year college' give some suggestion to occupational education in Japanese junior colleges. Recommendations are made for present and future occupational education in Japanese junior colleges in the area of financing, exchange of credit course with the special school, open-door entrance examination for adult women, and emphasis on occupational education for adult, part-time women.
- 国際基督教大学の論文
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関連論文
- アメリカにおける歴史教科書研究報告を中心とする日本に関する扱いについての一考察
- 日米の高校用歴史教科書における記述の比較 : 日本史におけるアメリカとアメリカ史における日本に関する記述について
- アメリカの短期大学と女子職業教育の歴史