「流体の力学」(工学基礎科目)における工業用テレビとオーバーヘッド・プロジェクターの教育機能の研究

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Since 1962, Kanto Gakuin University has been concerned with a method for large group instruction, especially for the students majoring Engineering. During the four years, 1962 through 1966, a series of pilot studies was made for the possibilities of effective presentation of several college courses by television as by regular-sized conventional classroom teaching. Various demonstration devices for the televised lectures have been tested and made, while adequate arrangements of TV receivers and other audio-visual facilities have also been checked (Fig. 2.1, 2.19, 3.7). This study was an attempt to investigate the nature of the contributions of closed-circuit television and of large transparencies to the acquisition of information and to the development of learning attitude associated with Fluid Mechanics, one of the college foundation courses. The investigation compared the attainment of 155 freshman instructed over CCTV (TV class) with that of 142 equally individuals instructed with the use of large transparencies (OHP class). A series of materials and devices, especially designed for the OHP class, has also made (Fig. 2.8, 3.6). A Before-After experimental design was used to test the hypothesis: the effectiveness of each medium could be accelerated if it was properly applied to a certain stage of the conceptualization (Fig. 1). The Before Test (BT) consists of 20 multiple-choice questions, having four alternatives each (reliability index r:. 68). It was constructed from the view point of basic understanding and knowledge of the course. After the students of both classes had participated for five months experimentation, 25 more professional questions, eight of which were the same that tested before, were given for the After Test (AT). Quiz scores and note-book grades, along with results of a questionaire of student opinion, were also taken into consideration for the final analysis of this study. Selected findings were as follows: With respect to the learning of factual information, as a whole, students of OHP class did better than those of TV. BT: X^^-_<OHP>≒X_<TV>^^-(no significant difference) AT: X^^-_<OHP>>X^^-_<TV> (1% significant level) The difference obtained from AT might be considered as the one resulted from the fact that low ability students in TV could not follow the lecture contents, partly because of their note-taking difficulties. Student achievement under either method, was positively related to their active participation in the lecture. No relation, however, was found between their AT scores and the note-book grades. From the results obtained with the questionaire, there appeared to be some correlation between the demonstrations, which students might think impressive, and their correct answers of certain questions, particularly related to the demon strations. That means, in a certain demonstration, the use of TV is a superior method than of OHP, and, in other case, vice versa. In the sequence of the lecture, it is necessary to find the most effective usage of the media, whatever they are, through accumulations of such findings.
国際基督教大学の論文

「流体の力学」(工学基礎科目)における工業用テレビとオーバーヘッド・プロジェクターの教育機能の研究

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