マス・メディアの普及と国の発展に関する一研究

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概要

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• Problem: National development may be viewed as the combined effects of the economic, political and social development of a country. Communication, however, seems to play a major role and an important function in the development of a country. Especially, it is hard to deny the existence of close relationships between the development of the mass communication and the socio-politico-economic development of a country. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between the diffusion of mass media and national development. Each country is taken as a unit for analysis, and an attempt is made to identify and to explore the major relationships between the diffusion of mass media and other variables. Adding to the radio and the newspaper, this study includes the television, which has not been included in the previous studies, as the mass media. This study also tries to see the developmental relationships among these three mass media. This study discusses the following three problems: 1) The developmental relationships among the three media. 2) The relationship between the development of the mass media and other variables. 3) An attempt to identify the factors that determine the development of the mass media. Method: As the indices of the mass media development, the diffusion rates of radio, TV and newspaper in 1970 and in 1960 were used. 22 other variables were selected among the those used in the previous studies. Therefore, 28 variables in 120 countires (using UN Statistical Yearbook and other references) were used and analyzed. Major findings: 1. Correlations among the three mass media in 1970 are found high. 2. The countries where the diffusion rate of each mass medium is high in 1960 have also the high diffusion rate in 1970. 3. There are high correlations between the mass media and the 22 variables. There are also high multiple-correlations between them, and most of the variance of each medium can be explained by these 22 variables. 4. Factor analysis (principal component method) of 25 variables (3 mass media and 22 variables) indicates that many of the variables can be explained by one factor. 5. The determinants of mass media development differ with medium slightly, but this study shows that it is determined by the variables that have the similar variance. 6. "Relative Importance of the Determinant Factor" of each mass medium differs with the regions and with the developmental stages.

• 国際基督教大学の論文

著者

• 渡辺 良

  国際基督教大学

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