学術の表現と映像表現 : 民俗の世界を中心に

概要

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The recording of academic investigations by pictures was first adopted in the field of anthropology, in which a participating observation has been used as a main method of research. It is said that in the early part of this century during which a wave of modernization had extended to all over the world, the recording of material and immaterial phenomenons among near extinct tribes and races was initially implemented to preserve their cultures. In the field of Japanese folklore, the recording of its investigations by sketches and drawings has long been practiced. Realizing the collecting and recoeding of folk materials as realistic as possible, still pictures and 16mm films have been used since the 1930s. A research group led by Keizo Shibusawa was a pioneer in this research methodology. With the miniaturization of still cameras, the use of cameras has become a common practice for folk research. In addition, documentary films have been gradually produced by using 16mm and 8mm films, and this trend has increased with the advent of videos. Among a great nunber of pictures produced and accumulated over the years, there exist many historically valuable materials. These pictures can be used for : (1) academic research, (2) teaching materials, and (3) understanding the world. This paper examines a brief history of documentary pictures, objectives and sources of documentary pictures, and utilization of documentary pictures.
放送大学の論文