産業革命期の奈良県農村織物業と農村労働力
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概要
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Japanese Capitalism completed the industrial revolution by innovating the means of production mainly in the weaving of cotton and silk and the spinning of cotton. The textile industry adopted power looms to replace the cottage industry system based on the traditional low-productivity looms. The collapse of the cottage industry system which had provided rural districts with important labour demand affected the peasant economy severely. The aim of this paper is, first, to clarify which type of farms supplied the cottage industry system with wage-weavers in order to analyze the relation between the urban capitalistic labour market and the rural work force. Secondly, an attempt is made to discern the effect of the collapse of the cottage industry system on the emigration of rural labourers. Thirdly, a survey is made of the influence of the cottage industry system on agricultural production from the view point of labour demand and wage income. After investigating the case of Nara Prefecture,-where the textile industry developed in the rural districts by means of the cottage industry system and was one of the main textile-producing regions in Japan in the middle of Meiji Era, the following conclusions were reached: (1) The cottage industry system was necessary to the continued existence of landed farms and semi-landed farms with seasonally redundant labour forces. (2) The peasants could purchase a large input of manure using the income from weaving wages. (3) The landlord-tenant system was more apparent in this rural region which had a well-developed cottage industry, than it was in other regions. (4) The rural textile industry produced a huge labour demand. The number of agricultural workers per farm increased a little in this region until the end of Meiji Era. This forms a striking contrast to other regions where the number decreased sharply.
- 政治経済学・経済史学会の論文
- 1984-07-20
政治経済学・経済史学会 | 論文
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