ポルトガルの移民政策についての一考察:大西洋と欧州の間で(上)

概要

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For many years Portugal was one of the "emigration countries" of Europe, but from the latter half of the 1970s came to be considered a "country of immigration." In this paper, I analyze the immigration policy of Portugal within this history of migration. There are two important characteristics to Portuguese immigration policy: i) Many immigrants to Portugal are from former Portuguese colonies, which are mainly situated across the Atlantic Ocean region. The Portuguese government takes a variety of special measures aimed at such people; ii) The Portuguese government is now obliged to follow the socalled "Common Immigration Policy" of the European Union (EU). Taking into consideration these characteristics, I focus on their relationship to the foreign policy of this country, which is usually explained in terms of the choice between two worlds, "the Atlantic or Europe." In part (1) of this paper I first give an overview of Portugal's external relations. After that I survey both Portugal's history as a country of emigration until the second half of 1970s and its transformation into a country of immigration by the end of the twentieth century. In part (2), I examine the actuality of Portugal's immigration policy and clarify its connection to the country's foreign policy as a whole.
2008-12-22