国際協力における観光開発プロジェクトの経済評価 : シャドウ・プライス手法の導入と適用(社会科学)
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Nowadays, the sustainable tourism development in the developing countries, considering the environment, plays a great role on the economic development through the foreign exchange earnings, income increase, community development. However, the lack of the capital resources has a bottleneck to realize it. The International Tourism Cooperation will be necessary for clearing the difficulties. Japan has extended the official assistance (ODA) to the tourism development projects "The Projects". The theory of the Project Cycle of the World Bank shows that the Ex-Post Evaluation (Effect Measurement) is the calculation of the economic repercussion effects by using the Keynesian Income Multiplier Model, on the other hand, the Appraisal is mainly the Financial Evaluation (FUR) by using the Market Prices. The market economy such as foreign exchange market and labor market in the developing countries is immature and has a remarkable "Distortion" of the Market Price. Therefore, this causes the improper distribution of the resources and income. As a result, the Economic Evaluation is also needed by using the Shadow Price composing the Accounting Prices. This Paper is focused on "the Projects" and reviewed the applicable possibility of the Shadow Price (Accounting Prices) including the case studies of Hotel. Since the "Projects" consists of the various components of goods and service, it will be difficult to calculate the Shadow Exchange Rate (SER) and Wage Conversion Factor (WCF). The Market Prices and Accounting Prices make difference, and EIIR (Economic Internal Rate of Return) using the Accounting Prices was higher than the other, which gave us the important lessons of the modification of distortion of the Market Prices.
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関連論文
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