CO_2排出削減を目的とした環境税をめぐる政策過程分析 : 制度選択・導入の阻害要因とその政治的含意を中心に(1)

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In this article, we explore the institutional dynamics of policy-making processes of carbon tax in Japan. Based on the findings gathered from our interviews with relevant actors (e.g., governmental officials from the Ministry of the Environment and others, LDP and JDP politicians and party staffs, and members of advisory committee and environmental NGO), we shed lights on two of the policy issues as follows: 1) Despite skepticism of its effectiveness, why have discussions on carbon tax constantly led to a plan to set low tax rate and to spend all the revenue for implementing CO_2 reduction measures which includes subsidies for regulated businesses? 2) Although many advocate the necessity of introducing the carbon tax especially in light of achieving compliance with the Kyoto Protocol, why has the plan been postponed ever since it was first proposed in 2003? As for the first issue, we find that bureaucratic sectionalism, lack of political leadership, and the rigidity of the existing energy taxation system inevitably force the actors to come up with the above-mentioned plan as the only alternative that can be put on today's political agendas. As for the second issue, we find that because of the low tax rate and uncertain redistributional impacts, political rents that can be drawn from the use of the revenue are not yet attractive enough for the regulated businesses and their representatives from LDP to fall in with such plan. The implication of these analyses is that (despite the fact that recent scholarly works claim that relevant decision-making styles in Japan have changed to a new top-down model that can break through institutional deadlocks hindering development of much needed policies) old politics and conventional policy processes still continue except for matters in which the prime minister has strong political incentives.
千葉商科大学の論文

CO_2排出削減を目的とした環境税をめぐる政策過程分析 : 制度選択・導入の阻害要因とその政治的含意を中心に(1)

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